BD's structure

• STUDIES
  • EUROPEAN EXPANSION AND OVERSEAS ENCOUNTERS
    • WORKS OF REFERENCE ON EUROPEAN OVERSEAS EXPANSION
      • Bibliographies and Texts on the Historiography of European Expansion
      • Atlases and Historical Atlases (European Expansion)
    • CAUSES AND ANTECEDENTS OF EUROPEAN OVERSEAS EXPANSION
      • From Feudalism to Capitalism / Economic and Social Structures and Dynamics
      • Prices / Conjuncture (13th-18th C.) -- World Economic Fluctuations
        • Prices / Conjuncture (15th-16th C.) -- "The Long 16th Century"
        • Prices / Conjuncture (17th C.) -- "The Crisis of the 17th Century"
      • The History of World Economic Practices and Thought
      • Geographical Knowledge in Europe in the Late Middle Ages
    • AREAS AND PERIODS OF EUROPEAN OVERSEAS EXPANSION
      • General Views of European Expansion in the 13th-18th C.
      • General Views of European and World Seafaring and Discoveries
        • Ancient and Medieval Seafaring and Discoveries
          • Scandinavian Seafaring and Discoveries
          • Islamic Seafaring and Discoveries
          • Chinese Seafaring and Discoveries
        • Italian Seafaring and Discoveries
          • Marco Polo and his Voyages and Geographical Knowledge
          • Christopher Columbus and his Discovery of America
          • Americo Vespucci and his Voyages and Letters
        • Portuguese Seafaring and Discoveries
        • Spanish Seafaring and Discoveries
          • Christopher Columbus and his Discovery of America
          • Ferdinand Magellan and the First Circumnavigation of the Earth
        • Dutch Seafaring and Discoveries
        • British Seafaring and Discoveries
        • French Seafaring and Discoveries
      • Other Questions of European Expansion
        • Trade. Routes / Ports / Transport (European Expansion)
        • Money and Monetary Metals (European Expansion)
        • Slavery and the World Slave Trade
        • Agriculture in European Expansion
        • Spices in European Expansion
        • Sugar in European Expansion
        • Salt and Fisheries in European Expansion
        • Piracy and Privateering in European Expansion
        • Administrative and Political Structures in European Expansion
        • Social Stratification and Race Relations in European Expansion
        • Geography, Climatology and Ecology of Tropical Zones
      • The Mediterranean and Catalan and Italian Expansion
      • Portugal and Portuguese Expansion
      • Spain and Spanish Expansion
      • The Hanse and the Baltic Sea
      • The Netherlands and Flemish and Dutch Expansion
      • Great Britain and British Expansion
      • France and French Expansion
    • COMPARTMENTED WORLDS BEFORE THE OPENING UP OF THE WORLD
      • General Views on Compartmented Worlds
      • Western Europe in the 13th-18th C. / General Views
        • Demography and Economic and Social Structures of Western Europe
        • Aministrative and Political Structures in Western Europe
        • Culture and Thought in Western Europe
      • The Slavic World - Eastern Europe / General Views
      • The Islamic World / General Views
        • The Islamic World before European Expansion
      • Africa / General Views
        • Africa before European Expansion
      • Asia / General Views
        • Asia before European Expansion
      • India and the Indian Ocean / General Views
        • India and the Indian Ocean before European Expansion
      • China / General Views
        • China before European Expansion
      • Japan / General Views
        • Japan before European Expansion
      • The New World - America / General Views
        • The New World - America before European Expansion
      • Polynesia / General Views
        • Polynesia before European Expansion
    • TECHNICAL AND SCIENTIFIC ACHIEVEMENTS IN THE DISCOVERY OF THE WORLD
      • General Views of Nautical Science in the World
        • Glossaries and Dictionaries of Nautical Terms in the World
        • Astronomical Navigation in the World
        • Astronomical and Nautical Instruments in the World
        • Nautical Literature in the World
        • Nautical Science in the Ancient World (European)
        • Mediterranean Nautical Science (Catalan and Italian)
        • Portuguese Nautical Science
        • The Indian Ocean and Islamic Nautical Science
        • Spanish Nautical Science
        • Flemish and Dutch Nautical Science
        • British Nautical Science
        • French Nautical Science
        • Chinese Nautical Science
      • General Views of Cartography in the World
        • Geography and Cartography in the Ancient World (European)
        • Geographical Concepts and Cartography in Medieval Europe
        • Mediterranean Cartography (Catalan and Italian)
          • Mediterranean Cartography in the 13th-14th C.
          • Mediterranean Cartography in the 15th C.
          • Mediterranean Cartography in the 16th-18th C.
        • Editions of Ptolemy and Ptolemaic Cartography
        • Portuguese Cartography
        • Spanish Cartography
        • Flemish and Dutch Cartography
        • British Cartography
        • French Cartography
        • Chinese Cartography
        • Japanese Cartography
      • General Views of Shipbuilding in the World
        • Shipbuilding in the Ancient World (European)
        • The Indian Ocean and Islamic Shipbuilding
        • Mediterranean Shipbuilding (Catalan and Italian)
        • Portuguese Shipbuilding
        • Spanish Shipbuilding
        • Dutch Shipbuilding
        • British Shipbuilding
        • French Shipbuilding
        • Scandinavian Shipbuilding
        • Chinese Shipbuilding
      • The History of Technology and Craftmanship in the World
      • The History of Science in the World
    • CULTURE AND THOUGHT IN THE DISCOVERIES AND OVERSEAS ENCOUNTERS
      • Culture and Thought in European Expansion
      • The Diffusion of the News of the Discoveries in Europe
  • PORTUGUESE EXPANSION AND OVERSEAS ENCOUNTERS
    • WORKS OF REFERENCE ON PORTUGUESE OVERSEAS EXPANSION
      • Bibliographies of Portuguese Expansion
        • Texts on the Historiography of Portuguese Expansion
          • Texts on Chronicles and Early Portuguese Historiography
        • General Portuguese Bibliographies
      • Atlases and Historical Atlases (Portugal and Portuguese Expansion)
      • Dictionaries and Encyclopaedias (Portugal and Portuguese Expansion)
        • Dictionaries of Language
        • Dictionaries of Toponyms (Portuguese Expansion)
        • Onomastic Dictionaries (Portuguese Expansion)
        • Chronologies (Portugal and Portuguese Expansion)
    • CAUSES AND ANTECEDENTS OF PORTUGUESE OVERSEAS EXPANSION
      • Causes and Antecedents of Portuguese Expansion in Medieval Times
        • Portuguese Trade and Seafaring before the 15th C.
      • Relations between the History and Geography of Portugal / Foundation
        • The Distinctive Character of Atlantic Iberia in Ancient Times
      • The Crisis of 1383-85 and the Establishment of the House of Avis in Portugal
      • The Conquest of Ceuta and the Beginning of Portuguese Overseas Expansion
      • The History of Portugal During the Overseas Expansion (14th-18th C.)
        • Demography and Economic and Social Structures of Portugal
        • Administrative and Political Structures in Portugal
        • Culture and Thought in Portugal
    • AREAS AND PERIODS OF PORTUGUESE OVERSEAS EXPANSION
      • General Views of Portuguese Expansion in the 14th-18th C.
        • Portuguese Expansion in the 15th-16th C.
        • Portuguese Expansion in the 17th C.
        • Portuguese Expansion in the 18th C.
      • Portuguese Discoveries
      • Other Questions of Portuguese Expansion
        • Trade. Routes / Ports / Transport (Portuguese Expansion)
          • The Portuguese Trade and the Route to India
          • Portuguese Trading Companies
        • Money and Monetary Metals in Portugal
        • Slavery and the Slave Trade in Portuguese Expansion
        • Agriculture in Portuguese Expansion
        • Spices in Portuguese Expansion
        • Sugar in Portuguese Expansion
        • Salt and Fisheries in Portuguese Expansion
        • Piracy and Privateering in Portuguese Expansion
        • Administrative and Political Structures in Portuguese Expansion
        • Social Stratification and Race Relations in Portuguese Expansion
        • Foreigners in Portuguese Expansion
        • The Inquisition and "New Christians" in Portuguese Expansion
        • Textiles and Dyeing in Portuguese Expansion
        • The History of Economic Practices and Thought in Portugal
        • Settlement, Urbanism and Demography of Portuguese Towns Worldwide
      • Portuguese Expansion in the Atlantic Islands / the Canaries, Madeira and the Azores
        • Attempts at Portuguese Expansion in the Canaries
        • Portuguese Expansion and the Colonization of Madeira
        • Portuguese Expansion and the Colonization of the Azores (Açores)
      • Portuguese Expansion in Morocco
        • The Portuguese Expedition to Morocco at the Time of D. Sebastião
        • The Portuguese Presence in Ceuta
        • The Portuguese Presence in Tangier (Tânger)
        • The Portuguese Presence in Asilah (Arzila)
        • The Portuguese Presence in Safi (Safim)
        • The Portuguese Presence in Azemmour (Azamor)
        • The Portuguese Presence in El-Jadida (Mazagão)
        • The Portuguese Presence in Other Places in Morocco
      • Portuguese Expansion in Africa (15th-18th C.)
        • The Portuguese Presence in North-West Africa / Guinea and the Cape Verde Is.
          • The Portuguese Presence in the Cape Verde Islands (Cabo Verde)
          • The Portuguese Presence in Guinea - Bissau (Guiné - Bissau)
          • Portuguese Presence in S. Jorge da Mina (Elmina) and the Gulf of Guinea
        • The Portuguese Presence in Atlantic Southern Africa / Congo and Angola
          • The Portuguese Presence in Congo
          • The Portuguese Presence in Angola (Luanda and Benguela)
          • The Portuguese Presence in São Tomé e Príncipe
        • The Portuguese Presence in South-Eastern Africa / Mozambique and Zimbabwe
          • The Portuguese Presence in Mozambique (Moçambique)
          • The Portuguese Presence in Monomotapa (Zimbabwe)
      • Portuguese Expansion in India and the Indian Ocean
        • The Portuguese State of India and its Structures
          • Viceroys of India and Other Agents of the Portuguese State of India
          • The Portuguese Trade in Asia and the Commercial Competition in the East
        • The Portuguese Presence in Ethiopia
        • The Portuguese Presence in Arabia and the Red Sea
        • The Portuguese Presence in Ormuz and the Persian Gulf
        • The Portuguese Presence in Malabar, Goa, Diu and the Indian Peninsula
        • The Portuguese Presence in Sri Lanka (Ceilão)
        • The Portuguese Presence in Bengal / East Indian Ocean
      • Portuguese Expansion in the Far East
        • The Portuguese Presence in Pegu (Burma)
        • The Portuguese Presence in Sião (Thailand)
        • The Portuguese Presence in Cambodia (Kampuchea)
        • The Portuguese Presence in Malacca and in Malaysia and Indonesia
        • The Portuguese Presence in the Moluccas
        • The Portuguese Presence in Timor
        • The Portuguese Presence in China and Macau
        • The Portuguese Presence in Japan
      • Portuguese Expansion in the New World - Brazil
        • Bibliographies and Texts on the History of Brazil
        • Atlases of Brazil
        • Dictionaries and Encyclopaedias of Brazil
          • Chronologies of Colonial Brazil
        • The Geography of Brazil
          • Relations between the History and Geography of Brazil
          • The Physical Geography of Brazil
        • The Sociology of Brazil (Colonial and Contemporary)
        • The Discovery of Brazil and its Antecedents
        • The Exploration and Settlement in 16th C. Coastal Brazil
          • Early Explorations of Coastal Brazil
          • Martim Afonso de Sousa and his Expedition to Brazil
          • Captaincies ("Capitanias") in 16th C. Brazil
          • "Governo Geral" and the Defense of Brazil against Foreigners in 16th C.
        • The Expansion and Development of Brazil in the 17th-18th C.
          • Economic Structures of the Harvesting and Trade of Brazil- Wood
          • The Development of North-Eastern Brazil and the Sugar Economy
          • The Conquest of the Northern Coast of Brazil and its Defence
          • The Dutch in North-Eastern Brazil and their Expulsion
          • The Development of São Paulo and South-Eastern Brazil
          • The "Bandeiras" and the Expansion of Brazil into the Hinterland
          • The Gold from Brazil and the Settlement of Minas Gerais
          • The Settlement of Central-Western Brazil - Mato Grosso
          • The Exploration and Settlement of the Amazon - Northern Brazil
          • The Colony of Sacramento and the Formation of Southern Brazil
          • The Definition of the Frontiers of Brazil in 18th C. Treaties
          • The Portuguese King in Brazil and the Period before Independence
        • Other Questions of the History of Brazil (Colonial)
          • Trade and Trading Companies in Colonial Brazil
          • Agriculture in Colonial Brazil
          • Fisheries in Colonial Brazil
          • Administrative and Political Structures in Colonial Brazil
          • Social Stratification and Race Relations in Colonial Brazil
          • Foreigners in Colonial Brazil
          • The Inquisition and "New Christians" in Colonial Brazil
          • Slavery and the Slave Trade in Colonial Brazil
          • Native Cultures - The Indians of Colonial Brazil
          • Transport and Communication in Colonial Brazil
          • Urbanism, Demography and Population in Colonial Brazil
          • Culture and Thought in Colonial Brazil
          • The Church and the Missions in Colonial Brazil
        • The Portuguese Presence in Spanish America
    • CULTURE AND THOUGHT IN PORTUGUESE EXPANSION AND DISCOVERIES
      • The Concept of Discovery in Portugal
      • The Diffusion of the News of the Discoveries in Europe
      • Literature and the Portuguese Oversas Expansion
        • Luís de Camões and "Os Lusíadas"
        • Fernão Mendes Pinto and the "Peregrinação"
      • The History of Thought in Portuguese Overseas Expansion
        • The Cruzading Spirit and Attitudes Towards War in Portugal
        • Women and Attitudes Towards Women in Portuguese Expansion
        • National Awareness and Portuguese Values
        • "Luso-Tropicalismo" and the Portuguese-Speaking Community
      • The Church and the Missions in Portuguese Expansion
        • The Church and the Missions in Africa
        • The Church and the Missions in the Indian Ocean and Far East
        • The Church and the Missions in Colonial Brazil
      • The Spread and Enrichment of the Portuguese Language Worldwide
        • The Study of Exotic Languages by the Portuguese
      • The History of Art and Portuguese Overseas Expansion
        • Portuguese Painting and the Problem of the "S. Vicente Panels"
        • Portuguese Architecture from the Late Gothic/"Manuelino" to the Baroque
          • Portuguese Engineering and Military Architecture
        • Decorative Arts and Stylistic Cross-Influences
          • Portuguese-African Art
          • Portuguese-Indian Art
          • Portuguese-Chinese Art
          • Portuguese-Japanese Art
          • Portuguese-Brazilian Art
        • Music and the Portuguese Overseas Expansion
  • PORTUGUESE DISCOVERIES (15th-16th C.)
    • CAUSES AND ANTECEDENTS OF THE PORTUGUESE DISCOVERIES
      • Causes and Antecedents of the Portuguese Discoveries
      • Geographical Knowledge in Europe in the Late Middle Ages
        • "Franciscanism" as "the Spirit of the Discoveries"
      • Discoveries before the 15th C. (in the Atlantic)
        • The Rediscovery of the Canaries in the 14th C.
        • The Discovery of Madeira in the 14th C.
        • The Possibility of the Discovery of the Azores in the 14th C.
    • AREAS AND PERIODS OF THE PORTUGUESE DISCOVERIES
      • General Views of the Portuguese Discoveries in the 15th-16th C.
      • Technical and Scientific Achievements in the Portuguese Discoveries
      • The Portuguese Discoveries in "the Time of the Infante D. Henrique"
        • The Life and Work of the Infante D. Henrique
        • The Life, Regency and Work of the Infante D. Pedro
        • Gomes Eanes de Zurara and his Chronicles
        • Sagres and the Infante D. Henrique's Stay in the Algarve
        • The "School of Sagres" and the Personal Learning of the Infante D. Henrique
        • The "India Project" and the Aims of the Infante D. Henrique
        • Portuguese Expeditions to the Canaries in the Time of the Infante D. Henrique
        • The First Portuguese Voyages to the Atlantic Islands / Madeira and the Azores
        • The First Portuguese Voyages to Madeira
        • The First Portuguese Voyages to the Azores (Açores)
        • The First Portuguese Voyages Beyond Cape Bogador (Cabo Bojador)
        • The First Portuguese Voyages to Guinea (Guiné)
        • The First Portuguese Voyages to the Cape Verde Islands (Cabo Verde)
      • The Portuguese Discoveries in "the Time of Fernão Gomes" in the Gulf of Guinea
        • The First Portuguese Voyages to São Tomé e Príncipe
      • The Portuguese Discoveries in "the Time of D. João II"
        • The Life and Work of D. João II
        • The "Padrões" of the Discoveries
        • Diogo Cão and his Explorations South of the Equator Beyond Angola
        • Bartolomeu Dias and his Passage Beyond the Cape of Good Hope
        • Pero da Covilhã and his Voyages and Explorations by Land in Asia and Africa
      • Vasco da Gama and the Discovery of the Sea Route to India
        • Nautical Aspects of Vasco da Gama's First Voyage
        • Álvaro Velho's Account of Vasco da Gama's First Voyage
        • The Life of Vasco da Gama
      • The First Portuguese Contacts in the Indian Ocean and the Far East
        • The First Portuguese Contacts with Mozambique (Moçambique)
        • The First Portuguese Contacts with Madagascar
        • The First Portuguese Contacts with Sri Lanka (Ceilão)
        • The First Portuguese Contacts with the Moluccas
        • The First Portuguese Contacts with China
        • The First Portuguese Contacts with Japan
        • The First Portuguese Contacts with Australia
      • The Portuguese Discoveries and the Exploration of the Western Atlantic
        • Exploration of the Western Atlantic in "the Time of Infante D. Henrique"
        • Exploration of the Western Atlantic in "the Time of D. João II" and after
      • The Discovery of Brazil and its Antecedents
        • The Antecedents of the Treaty of Tordesillas and the Frontiers of Brazil
        • Possible Portuguese Precursors of Cabral
        • Possible Spanish Precursors of Cabral
        • Pedro Álvares Cabral and his Discovery of Brazil
          • Pero Vaz de Caminha's Letter and the Voyage of Cabral
      • Other Portuguese Discoveries in South America
      • The Portuguese in the Voyages of Other Nations
        • Ferdinand Magellan and the First Circumnavigation of the Earth
        • João Dias de Solis and his Voyages
        • João Fernandes Lavrador and his Voyages
        • João Rodrigues Cabrilho and his Voyages
        • The Supposed Voyage of David Melgueiro
        • Pedro Fernandes de Queiróz and his Voyages
      • Portuguese Voyages and Explorations by Land
        • Portuguese Voyages and Explorations by Land in Africa
        • Portuguese Voyages and Explorations by Land in Asia
        • Portuguese Voyages and Explorations by Land in the New World
    • POLITICAL AND DIPLOMATIC ASPECTS OF THE PORTUGUESE DISCOVERIES
      • Law and Diplomacy During the Time of the Discoveries
        • The Treaty of Tordesillas and the Portuguese-Spanish Rivalry
        • The Problem of the Moluccas and the Tordesillas Counter-Meridian
        • The Problem of the "Mare Clausum" and Freedom of Navigation in the 17th C.
      • The "Policy of Secrecy" in the Portuguese Discoveries
        • The Supposed "Policy of Secrecy" in "the Time of the Infante D. Henrique"
        • The "Policy of Secrecy" in "the Time of D. João II" and after
  • TECHNICAL AND SCIENTIFIC ACHIEVEMENTS IN THE PORTUGUESE DISCOVERIES
    • PORTUGUESE NAUTICAL SCIENCE
      • General Views of Portuguese Nautical Science
        • Portuguese Glossaries and Dictionaries of Nautical Terms
      • The Portuguese Creation and Development of Astronomical Navigation
        • The Supposed German Influence on Iberian Nautical Science
        • Iberian Astrology / Astronomy in the 14th-15th-16th C.
      • Oceanic Navigation and its Physical Conditions
      • Astronomical and Nautical Instruments in Portugal
        • The Compass Needle in Portugal (and the Problem of Longitude)
        • The Mariners's Astrolabe and its Use in Portugal
        • The Mariners's Quadrant and its Use in Portugal
      • Nautical Literature in Portugal
        • Portuguese Nautical Guides and Astronomical Regiments ("Guias Náuticos")
        • Portuguese "Books of Seamanship" ("Livros de Marinharia")
        • Portuguese Rutters ("Roteiros") and "Artes de Navegar"
        • Portuguese Ship's Journals and Reports
      • Portuguese Routes and Scales (Nautical Aspects)
        • Nautical Aspects of the Portuguese Route to India
      • Pilots and Pilotage in Portugal
      • The Teaching of Cosmography and Nautical Science in Portugal
      • The Influence of Portuguese Nautical Science Abroad
    • PORTUGUESE CARTOGRAPHY
      • General Views of Portuguese Cartography
        • Portuguese Cartography in" the Time of the Infante D. Henrique"
        • Portuguese Cartography in "the Time of D. João II"
        • The So-Called "Cantino" Planisphere
      • The Lives and Works of Portuguese Cartographers
      • Portuguese Regional Cartography
        • Portuguese Cartography of Europe and Portugal
        • Portuguese Cartography of Africa
        • Portuguese Cartography of the Indian Ocean and the Far East
        • Portuguese Cartography of the New World - North and Central America
        • Portuguese Cartography of the New World - Brazil and South America
      • The Tordesillas Meridian and Political Aspects of Portuguese Cartography
      • Aspects of the History of Art in Portuguese Cartography
      • The Influence of Portuguese Cartography Abroad
    • PORTUGUESE SHIPBUILDING
      • General Views of Portuguese Shipbuilding
        • Portuguese Carvels ("Caravelas")
        • Portuguese Carracks ("Naus")
        • Portuguese Galleons ("Galeões")
        • Portuguese Galleys and Other Similar Ships
      • Portuguese Shipbuilding and Shipyards in the 14th-17th C.
      • Portuguese Shipbuilding and Shipyards in 18th C.
      • Comparisons with Traditional Shipbuilding in Portugal Nowadays
    • OTHER TECHNICAL ASPECTS OF THE PORTUGUESE SEAFARING
      • The Logistics of Portuguese Seafaring
      • Naval Warfare, Arms and Firearms in Portuguese Expansion
        • Artillery in Portuguese Expansion and Seafaring
      • Food and Supplies for the Portuguese Fleets
      • Medicine, Botany and Pharmacology in Portuguese Expansion
    • "EXPERIENCIALISMO" AND THE HISTORY OF SCIENCE IN PORTUGAL
      • "Experiencialismo" and Science in Portugal
        • Duarte Pacheco Pereira and his Work
        • Pedro Nunes and his Work
        • D. João de Castro and his Work
        • Garcia de Orta and his Work
        • Fernando de Oliveira and his Work
      • Cosmography and Science in College and University Circles in Portugal
• PRINTED SOURCES / not yet available

• BD home page